Showing posts with label Claude M. Watson. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Claude M. Watson. Show all posts

Thursday, August 29, 2013

Claude M. Watson (1922-2013)

Claude Meacham Watson (July 30, 1922 to August 26, 2013) is the reason that my present wife and I met, and, ultimately, had a baby, and careers.

Claude M . Watson
In the summer of 1977, Star Wars was new. People tried to set Guinness-type records by seeing it dozens or hundreds of times. I had taken a class in computer programming taught by Claude Watson in the Winter ’77 quarter and I enrolled in it again for the Fall. I also had a subscription to Industrial Research & Development magazine. I filled out a bingo card for some kind of equipment or other and had the literature sent to “Obi Watson Kenobi” at Lansing Community College. Claude knew whom to blame. “Please don’t do that,” he said. “The dean already thinks that I’m senile.”

Actually, at 55 then, far from deficient, Claude was clairvoyant in his perceptions. He was an early advocate for personal computing. He already had arranged for the science department to acquire a Hewlett Packard 9815 “desktop calculator” in 1976.  Later, they acquired an IBM 5100 desktop computer (programmable in BASIC and APL) and then a Hewlett Packard 9830 “desktop calculator” programmable in BASIC with a full ASCII keyboard, and an X-Y pen plotter.  Realize that Apple Computer was incorporated on January 3, 1977. Steve Wozniak had been an intern at Hewlett Packard and knew to ask if his project would interfere with one of their markets.

VAX manager Philip A. Dawdy
and micro technician 

Geoffrey J. Rarick circa 1990.
Lansing Community College already had a Data Processing department in the Business Division. We punched cards for two runs a day on an IBM 360. Claude offered the chance to program interactively. That created a lot of tension. They argued loud and long. He was not allowed to offer his first class for credit. The quarter that I took it, you could opt for No Credit. I took it for 2. The year before, Spring 1976, I took “Business Programming in Fortran IV.” I got a C+ and had no idea what I was supposed to have learned for the grade. But it seemed compelling. Also, for some odd reason, I got the feeling that I could somehow cadge time in the computer labs, both there and at Michigan State University. I learned to hack passwords. Then, I took Fortran again in the Winter of 1977 and got an A. At the same time, I was in Claude’s class in Basic and got a C+. But it was compelling… and I did not need to hack passwords for free time. All I had to do was turn the computer on. I took the class again; and that’s when I met the girl I married. Mr. Watson was her physics instructor. We got married and moved to Las Cruces. I got a job at White Sands Missile Range where HP desktops were everywhere.
Earl R. Youngs c. 1991

After returning to Lansing in 1979, our daughter was born. Our friends Earl and Elizabeth Youngs were working in the Science department. Earl was in charge of the lab aides. Elizabeth was a clerical, and eventually the department secretary. Earl offered me the chance to work as a lab aide, if I would enroll part-time for six credits. I set up labs for Claude and the other instructors and completed an associate’s degree in 1980.

Under Claude’s quiet leadership, the LCC Arts & Science division installed a Commodore Pet network. Then, they
Elizabeth M. Youngs c. 1998
acquired a DEC VAX. In the meantime, I worked as a programmer and technical writer around Lansing. I signed up for directed studies under Claude, earning a quarter hour of college credit for learning something new. He recommended that I write my documentation in TeX (“tech”), a typesetting language developed by Donald Knuth. As a result, I was hired by a medical records firm deeply invested in TeX for documentation. As it happened, TeX was the basis for SGML, the Standard Generalized Markup Language. SGML became HTML. In the meantime, I served as the secretary of our local DECUS chapter and produced the quarterly newletter in TeX. In addition to writing the system maintenance manual for a MicroVAX, I also documented the game of Moria on the VAX using TeX. When HTML was invented, it was pretty easy for me to figure out.

Claude told me that he grew up on a farm, and hated country life. [According to his wife, the story is somewhat more nuanced: 
"The only thing you wrote that I would differ about was why he joined the military.  He had graduated from high school at age 16, and had already been working for a local dairy owner since maybe the 8th grade when he was offered a job helping to deliver milk at 25 cents/day.  You took it into the home and put in in a family's ice box.  The dairy owner had no children and seemed to have "adopted" Claude, who was feeling somewhat trapped in the job when one of his classmates came home on leave, in Claude's words "extolling the virtues of the military."  His friend had just served in Hawaii and was being sent next to the Philippines.  His friend ultimately was captured by the Japanese and spent the war in a Japanese prison camp.  Claude and another  friend hitchhiked to Chicago to enlist, intending to use the combined radio and photography experience they planned to gain to adventure sail after their enlistment was up.  Instead WWII intervened."
On March 7, 1941, he enlisted in the Army Air Corps. He learned radio operations and maintenance. After the War, he completed a master of science degree in physics. His thesis was “Demonstration of Fresnel Interference by Means of a Ripple Tank”; and it presaged his passion for teaching. He was hired by Lansing Community College. The rest is history.

Monday, February 25, 2013

Autobiography of a Worker

Growing up, I did not acquire a good work ethic.  What I did well at I did more of, but I never learned to work through a problem to gain a skill.  I quit practicing the piano as soon as my younger brother eclipsed me.  We competed by being successful at different activities in school.  I did not work for money until I was legally of age.  At my first summer job (in a hospital laboratory), I was more of a pain than a help.  I liked sterilizing labware – which is to say that my best skill was washing dishes.  Then, I read Atlas Shrugged.  Twice.

From about 1950, a diesel locomotive railroad train with Terminal Tower in far background
Terminal Tower and locomotive
(www.urbanohio.com)
Atlas Shrugged is too easily mischaracterized as a glorification of the rich.  It is truly an anthem to all workers.  Growing up in Cleveland, I knew the Rearden Steel mills (Republic and Jones & Laughlin), the Taggart Terminal (the Terminal Tower), and Patrick Henry University (Western Reserve University).

After two years at the College of Charleston (1967-1969), I came home to work at the Are-Jay Game Company making wooden games and puzzles.  I ran drill presses and sanders.  Mostly, I sprayed lacquer. I also learned to box shipments and fill out a UPS book and bills of lading. Between stints at Are-Jay, I worked for an employment agency.  There, I attended a sales training series and practiced Approach-Benefit-Close making 60 phone calls a day. 
5-inch by 7-inch maple game board with holes for pegs used to tally scores.
Large Maple Cribbage Board
of the Are-Jay Game Co.
(Ausable River Trader on Etsy)

After we got married, Coletta and I moved to Lansing.  I worked a lot of spot labor jobs, mostly through Manpower.  (Fifteen years later, I interviewed the franchise owner for a four-part series on “Quality” published by the Greater Lansing Business Monthly.)  Finally, after about a year of that, Coletta said, “Mick, you need a real job.”  So, I got on the phone, and a few pitches later I had an interview at Montgomery Ward.  I worked there for two years as a stock boy, unloading trucks and distributing goods to the floor. 

About a year into that, passing through Lansing Community College to see what else I could learn, I picked up a brochure for a certificate in transportation and traffic management.  It was a two-year course in government regulations of common carriers.  It was painful.  But I finished.  And I went to work as a dispatcher for a regional truck line.  That was 1976.

Hewlett Packard 9830
(hpmuseum,org) 
Toward the end of the course sequence, one of my classmates from General Motors said, “You know, Mike, these computers are going to be everywhere some day and you should find out how they work so the people from data processing can’t hand you a bunch of baloney.”  So, I did.  I had a semester of Business Programming in Fortran IV and got a C+, having no idea what I was supposed to have learned for the grade.  But it was compelling.  While working for the trucking company during the day, at night I learned to hack free time at the LCC and MSU computer labs.  I took Fortran again (for an A); and then learned Basic in the LCC arts and science division.  The class was experimental and resisted by the data processing curriculum of the business division.  I met my present wife because we had the same instructor for physics and Basic, Claude Watson. (Tribute to Claude on Necessary Facts, here.) 

I moved to Las Cruces, New Mexico, with the girl I married.  I worked as mover’s helper for Bekins Van Lines until I got hired by NMSU’s Physical Science Laboratory and was assigned to White Sands Missile Range as a computer programmer in Basic on Hewlett Packard desktop micros.  Eighteen months later, we moved back to Lansing.  Our daughter was born (1979).  

I set up the shipping department and programmed TRS-80 computers to track inventory and sales for Loompanics Unlimited: Sellers of Unusual Books.  I wrote two books and about 30 book reviews. I placed Letters to the Editor with Industrial Research and with Omni.  The computer revolution was blossoming.  My wife and I wrote programs for independent insurance agents.  I still worked spot labor for Manpower.  I also drove for Yellow Cab in Lansing.  (I had driven for Varsity Cab twice before that and was a dispatcher for a year.)  On a database project at General Motors (1983), no one else wanted to write the documentation, so I did. 

Over the next ten years, I programmed computers, sold cookbooks, worked for an employment agency, wrote user manuals, and taught technical writing at Lansing Community College.  Like everyplace else, Lansing had several computer newspapers or newsletters and I wrote for as many as I could.  It let me interview business owners and do them the favor of publicizing them.  Christopher Holman needed a writer for The Greater Lansing Business Monthly and he took me to lunch.  LCC knew me as a student – I had electronics and physics classes in the technology division – and they needed a part-time instructor for technical writing.  I taught a summer term of algebra for skilled trades.  At LCC, I also took directed study classes in computer programming, working with the department chair, Claude Watson.  And then I decided to try a class in “Japanese for Business.” 
About the size of a refrigerator with racks of electronic logic boards inside.
Top half of a E-series Controller
(www.kawasakirobotics.com)

From 1991 to 1993, I taught robot operations and programming for Kawasaki Robotics USA.  I spent 13 weeks in St. Paul (not all at once) for Ford Motor’s Twin Cities Assembly, and did a dozen performances at Wixom Assembly where Ford made Lincolns and Mercury Grand Marquis.  Mostly, I taught at KRI.  It took two years, but I learned to disassemble and re-assemble a six-axis robot; and I wrote the manual.  But lifetime employment with a zaibatsu was not for me, though it did fuel the cyberpunk fantasies I acquired when a comrade from Berkeley handed me Neuromancer.  (We worked together at a regional planning commission where I programmed in dBase and Lotus.) 

Blue back ground with outline of space shuttles and large red numeral 7 and names of crew members around the circumference.
STS-95 Mission Patch
(www.nasa.gov)
More years rolled by.  I went from one project to the next writing user manuals for factory automation, financial management, telephone operations, and whatever else was offered.  I spent a year in General Motors engine plants for Carl Zeiss Industrial Metrology.  I lasted ten days as a NASA contractor – we have different philosophies -- but I did write some procedures for the Shuttle.  However, the better experiences were working for NASA Exchange, their retail sales division.  We took vans of toys and collectibles out to launch sites to sell. 

Atlas Shrugged taught me about money, but aside from knowing which media to use for stores of value, I never cared much for numismatics.  But I knew a little.  When I was at Kawasaki, I proposed that for an upcoming robotics trade show, we issue tokens, good for $1 toward a work station.  (Work cells started at about $100,000 and attendance at the show was 15,000 the last time. It seemed like a safe bet.)  I figured that the tokens would be great advertising. To gather facts for my proposal (which was rejected), I joined the Michigan Token and Medal Society, the Michigan State Numismatic Society, and the American Numismatic Association.  Ten years later, I had a few awards for writing; and worked for a year (1999-2000) as the international editor at Coin World in Sidney, Ohio.

 My project at Honda America in Marysville, Ohio, was winding down.  They had one technical writer too many and I was the most expensive.  The manager and I agreed that the next assignment was around the corner.  We were wrong.  9/11 was around the corner.

After six months of being very under-employed in Columbus, my wife and I decided that we could be under-employed anywhere in the world.  After looking at a few places, we moved to Albuquerque.  I mostly worked as an office temporary, but also sold toys at the Atomic Energy Museum, and taught middle school as a substitute.  Then, I saw an ad for security guards at rock concerts.  The company was just up the street.  So, I went in and got a job.  And a career of sorts.
Stylized line drawing of eagle with breast of shield with sword over motto "In God We Trust."
Akal Security
sikhchic.com

I did well at crowd control. I saw Puff Daddy, Ricky Martin, and Shaquira, and had a great time not being in a mosh pit.  I moved into the uniformed division, patrolled a lot of retail and some manufacturing, and became a dispatcher.  It seemed like an opportunity.  I also wrote for the Albuquerque Business Journal interviewing inventors, entrepreneurs, and innovators.

Then, my wife's parents took a turn for the worse and we moved to Traverse City.  I almost had a used car sales manager closed, but he recommended real estate for me.  So, I got a license. I liked the law and the finances, but I just did not care about houses.   Fortunately, the American Numismatic Association needed a columnist and the Michigan State Numismatic Society needed a webmaster.  But they were hobbies; and it was part-time work.

Through the Dot.Com Meltdown, 9/11, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and the real estate bubble, the biggest impediment to finding serious technical work was my lack of a degree.  I often went to school – the College of Charleston, Case-Western Reserve, Cleveland State, Lansing Community College, New Mexico State, and LCC (again) – but I was never concerned about the degree: I just wanted to learn, whether for liberal education or employment-related skills.  My wife and I moved to Ann Arbor, gathered all of our college credits and enrolled first at Washtenaw Community College and then at Eastern Michigan University.  She stayed with computers, going into forensics and network security.  I went into criminology.  I worked in campus safety at WCC, and then for Securitas and Allied Barton.  My wife was hired by the University of Michigan, but my best opportunity was to sell newspaper subscriptions while earning a master’s degree.
Man with costume of wolf head and wolf feet playing violin.
Violin Monster at 6th and Congress
for South by Southwest 2012
(Author's file)

I had a few interviews for security management, but no offers… and then no interviews…  Management in private security is dominated by retired police officers.  I am a libertarian.  I do not have to say a word.  As soon as we make eye contact, the interview is over.  Managers hire in their own image.  I bring a salesman's approach to business, seeking agreement by persuasion, rather than compliance by enforcement.   
So, after some Internet browsing of statistics, I picked Austin.  I came here in 2011 for two weeks, was sold on the town, and moved.  My wife joined me six months later.  I work part-time for Securitas and take contracts for technical writing when they come up.  I write for numismatic club magazines. I have two blogs and a website archive of college term papers.

Except for two  years each at Montgomery Ward,and Kawasaki Robotics,  and a year at Coin World, I am self-employed.  Some years, our accountant bet that we would turn in more 1099s than any other client.  

Moving as often as we have, I load and unload the trucks mostly by myself using applied physics.  I drive them hundreds or thousands of miles, with and without cats.  The word “career” referred originally to the path of a commercial carriage.  You never know where the road will take you, or what is around the next bend or over the next hill.  Through all of that, Atlas Shrugged has served me well.  Whether I earn $7.50 per hour or $50, all work is a act of philosophy.  



Sunday, May 20, 2012

John Kemeny Knew: We Shall Have Computed

In Man and the Computer John G. Kemeny analyzed some aspects of society and a few institutions with suggested alternatives for them to be improved with the application of computers.  Many of Kemeny’s predictions were largely correct.  Some were very wrong. To be fair, the future of computers moved so fast that even William Gibson gave up cyberpunk for mainstream fiction. 

American Museum
of Natural History
Special Edition
Generally, John Kemeny failed to expect the invention of the microcomputer and the resultant home and office desktops and laptops that today are ubiquitous.  Although he wrote briefly about the advantages to video telephones, nothing he presented applies to the iPod. And much of what the iPod actually does –playing recorded music, taking pictures, giving directions to drivers – was not suggested for the video telephone. 

Throughout the book two complementary ideas frame the thesis: a regional network of mainframes will allow personal terminals for millions; this technology also will empower “social analysts” to attempt solutions to our problems.  Chief among those problems is traffic control in metropolitan centers.  But that only reflects the full range of challenges from overcrowding, over population and over consumption.  In short, John Kemeny was a fascist.  But a nice fascist.  He would never put anyone into a concentration camp for their beliefs, but he did see government authorities and academic experts as the central forces that can and should define and drive social progress.

Writing about business applications for computers, he outlined the power of management information systems.  He did not suggest that entrepreneurs would find computers helpful.  He certainly did not see a role for entrepreneurs in creating new modes of computing.  He did call for private entities to provide time-sharing mainframes and databases, but only to counterbalance the potential threat of government monopoly over information and access to it.  If John Kemeny read any Friedrich Hayek, it could only have appeared as an indecipherable alien language, written in Roman letters.

That aside though, this book was a seminal work and deserves attention for its positive attributes. 

Early on (35-37) he grants validity to the importance of games on the computer.  Gaming builds familiarity with the system, demystifying the computer. 
That describes my experience meeting my wife in 1977 in front of an HP 9830 on which our physics instructor at Lansing Community College, Claude Watson, taught “BASIC for Arts and Science.”
“At Dartmouth we do not consider these recreational uses frivolous. First of all, they are an important resource for recreation in a residential college environment. But, more importantly, for many inexperienced users the opportunity for playing games against a computer is a major factor in removing psychological blocks that frighten the average human being away from free use of machines.  Indeed, we are proud of the fact that one of the places that Dartmouth students take their dates to “show off” is the computation center.  While they are likely to play several games there, they are also quite likely to show off with programs that they themselves have written.” (35)

As a teacher, Kemeny’s insights into the value of computer-aided instruction were accurate.  (Ch. 7; 72-84; but also throughout) First, he acknowledged the importance of drill-and-practice.  Beyond that, he recognized that one of the best ways to learn something is to teach it and we do that when we write a program to carry out a task. The three best uses from an educator’s point of view are rapid calculation, information retrieval, and the creation of algorithms.  (80) 

Kemeny correctly identified the need for a society of autodidacts, people who can teach themselves what they want to know by accessing databanks, journal articles, and lectures. (81-82).  Books will remain important and pleasurable (83), but their content must be supplemented with interactive learning sessions. 

Imagining “The Library of the Future” (Ch. 8; 85-98), Kemeny paints a detailed portrait of the product while totally missing the delivery mechanism. Focused on fiche images stored in card files and indexed by100-word abstracts, he did not expect that I could put “John Leonard Riddell” into Google Scholar and be led directly to a PDF of a lost work, Riddell’s 1836 monograph Memoir on the Nature of Miasm and Contagion. While some PDFs are image-only, this one is word-searchable.  I can quote easily and exactly to show Riddell’s assertion that disease is caused by germs (“animiculae”). 
Thomas Kurtz (Mac)
 and John Kemeny (PC)

For all of the prognostication and soothsaying, Kemeny in 1972 vastly underestimated the length, breadth, depth, and flow of the information revolution he would live to see welling up before he passed away too early in 1992 from heart failure. He calculated limits expressed in transmissions of megabits per second, delivering pages of storage, for dollars of rental time.  Today we throw out computers with more capacity than the network he dreamed of in 1972 for 1980.

Of course, he could not see the limitations and contradictions that would evolve from within a successful informatic revolution.

Kemeny wrote about the need for “computer programmers.” We are all computer programmers, but like oncologists who have their moles removed by dermatologists, we are specialists, too often as limited in our skills with computers as our parents before us.  The other day at work, I saw two young managers scan receipts to JPEG files with their iPods to facilitate the filing of expense reports.  As their technical writer, I know that neither of them knows much about word processing software, or they would not have Arial in their Calibri and they would know what the red squiggly underline is trying to tell them.  I warrant that none of the 40 project managers on my current infrastructure integration project could write a program to translate Roman numerals into Arabic numbers, though many of them are certified for Microsoft Project. (Myself, in 2007, I completed an undergraduate requirement for “computer literacy” by taking a class in Java a kind of Basic done up in Rococo.)

This post comes with some irony.  As I read the book, I made notes in the front, a couple of words and a page number for each.  Then I copied the page numbers and tags into this Word document to start the article.  To get them into order, I highlighted and sorted. Seeing 111 ahead of 87, I went back and prepended zeroes to the two-digit integers. Then I resorted.  Like much else, technology stays the same the more it changes.

Finally, Kemeny outlines a problem in simulation (traffic control) at some depth (130-135). He is correct that the general purpose digital computer allows flexible creation and testing of models.  One promise not addressed was the testing of existing models.

Today’s controversies in anthropogenic global warming only bring this into the front.  A model is based on assumptions.  Data tests those premises.  Real validation or falsification can only come from new data not in the original model; or else from different models employing the original data.  Aside from some curve-fitting with least-squares, we seem not to do much of this, certainly not in the social sciences.  If the essence of John Kemeny’s apology for computing is to be accepted, then modeling – both making and testing – must become a requirement for informatic literacy.

Postscript -- Speaking of literacy, to check the grammatical future in English, I googled "english grammar future tense" and read a Wikipedia article, then paged forward and read more at www.lousywriter.com. John Kemeny knew.